Step-by-Step Guide to Producing Biomass Fuel Pellets Using a Vertical Ring Die Pellet Mill

Jan 13, 2026

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Equipment Adjustment Techniques: The core of adjusting a vertical ring die pellet mill is precisely controlling the gap between the pressure roller and the die, a key parameter affecting extrusion pressure. During adjustment, first turn off the power, rotate the pressure roller shaft, and use a feeler gauge to measure the gap, ensuring it is uniformly 0.2-0.3mm around the perimeter. If processing hard materials (such as hardwood chips), adjust the gap to 0.1-0.2mm to increase extrusion pressure; if processing soft materials (such as straw), adjust the gap to 0.2-0.3mm to reduce frictional resistance. Simultaneously check the cutter position and adjust the distance between the cutter and the die to ensure uniform pellet length (2-4 times the aperture), avoiding excessively long or short pellets that could affect subsequent storage and use. Furthermore, before starting the machine, it must be preheated idle for 3-5 minutes to fully lubricate all parts and prevent cold starts that could cause wear.

Feeding Control Techniques: The feeding speed of the vertical ring die pellet machine must be strictly matched to the production capacity to avoid overload or idling. It is recommended to adopt a "slow increase, stable maintenance" feeding method: After the equipment has preheated, add a small amount of raw material with a small shovel and observe the equipment's operating status and pellet forming effect. If the motor current is stable and the pellet surface is smooth, gradually increase the feeding speed until it stabilizes at 80%-90% of the equipment's rated feeding capacity. Small equipment is mostly manual or semi-automatic feeding; avoid adding raw material all at once, which can cause blockage at the feed inlet and excessive motor current. If a blockage occurs, stop feeding immediately, clear the blockage, and then restart.

Operational monitoring techniques: During production, three core indicators need to be monitored in real time: First, the motor current. Observe the current using the equipment's ammeter. If the current continuously exceeds the standard, it indicates excessive feeding or excessive raw material resistance, and the feeding amount needs to be reduced immediately. If the current is too low, it indicates insufficient feeding, and the feeding speed needs to be appropriately increased. Second, the pellet forming state. If the pellets are loose or cracked, check the raw material moisture content or the gap between the pressure rollers. If the pellet surface is rough, it may be due to blocked die holes or worn pressure rollers, which need to be addressed promptly. Thirdly, check the equipment temperature. Touch the equipment casing (be careful not to burn yourself). If the temperature is too high (above 90℃), stop the machine to cool it down and check if the lubricating oil level is sufficient.

Shutdown operation techniques: After production is completed, first stop feeding. Wait until all residual material in the equipment has been pressed and discharged before turning off the main unit. Use a brush to clean the residual material from the feed inlet and pressing chamber, and use a thin steel rod to unclog any lumps in the die holes. Add a small amount of high-temperature grease to the parts of the equipment that require lubrication, and cover them with dust covers to prevent dust from entering. Proper shutdown cleaning can extend the service life of the equipment and ensure smooth production in the next operation.