How does a small sawdust briquette machine work?

Jan 23, 2026

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The core working principle of a small sawdust brick press machine is to utilize the lignin naturally present in biomass raw materials to achieve self-bonding and molding under high pressure and high temperature. The entire process requires no chemical binders, making it both environmentally friendly and reducing processing costs. This is the common operating logic of various small sawdust briquette press machines. Lignin is a natural polymer compound found in sawdust. It is solid at room temperature, but softens and melts when the temperature rises to 160-200℃, forming a cohesive colloidal substance. Simultaneously, the sawdust briquette press applies high pressure (10-30 MPa) through its mechanical structure, tightly compressing the molten lignin and loose sawdust particles together. After the material cools, the lignin re-solidifies, forming a dense, high-strength block fuel.

The key working mechanism of a small wood chip briquette press machine can be broken down into three core modules: power transmission, pressure generation, and temperature control. These three modules work together to ensure the molding effect. The power transmission module consists of a motor, reducer, and coupling. The motor's output power is reduced in speed by the reducer and then transmitted to the main shaft and pressure rollers (or screw shaft), providing sufficient power for extrusion molding and preventing equipment shutdown due to excessive load. The motor power of small and medium-sized wood chip briquette makers is mostly 15-37kW, which can meet the molding requirements of 500kg-2 tons per hour.

The pressure generation module is the core actuator. The pressure generation methods vary slightly among different types of small wood shavings briquette maker machines, but all aim for "precise pressure application and uniform force" to ensure sufficient densification of the wood chips. The temperature control module achieves this through electric heating or friction heating. Some wood chip briquette makers have an electric heating device installed on the outside of the molding cavity to precisely control the temperature between 160-200℃, ensuring sufficient softening of lignin. Screw extrusion wood chip briquette makers rely on the friction between the material and the screw shaft and molding cavity to generate heat, eliminating the need for additional heating and resulting in better energy efficiency.

It is important to note that the characteristics of the raw materials must be compatible with the working mechanism of the equipment. The particle size of the wood chips must be controlled between 2-8mm and the moisture content between 8%-12%. If the raw materials do not meet the requirements, it will lead to insufficient softening of lignin and uneven pressure transmission, which will affect the molding effect and cause problems such as loose and cracked lumpy fuel. This is also a prerequisite that needs to be carefully controlled during the operation of the small wood waste briquette machine.